BACKGROUND: Children in out-of-home care constitute a vulnerable population often experiencing mental health challenges related to early adversity and placement disruptions. The Circle of Security Parenting program^(®) (COS-P) is an attachment-based intervention designed to enhance carer sensitivity and reflective competence, ultimately improving the quality of carer-child relationships. →
Real-time speech translation presents a complex challenge, requiring seamless integration of speech recognition, machine translation, and text-to-speech synthesis. Traditional cascaded approaches often introduce compounding errors, fail to retain speaker identity, and suffer from slow processing, making them less suitable for real-time applications like live interpretation. Additionally, existing simultaneous translation models struggle to balance accuracy and… →
Diffusion models generate images by progressively refining noise into structured representations. However, the computational cost associated with these models remains a key challenge, particularly when operating directly on high-dimensional pixel data. Researchers have been investigating ways to optimize latent space representations to improve efficiency without compromising image quality. A critical problem in diffusion models is… →
Efficient long-context inference with LLMs requires managing substantial GPU memory due to the high storage demands of key-value (KV) caching. Traditional KV cache compression techniques reduce memory usage by selectively pruning less significant tokens, often based on attention scores. However, existing methods assess token importance independently, overlooking the crucial dependencies among tokens for preserving semantic… →
In myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), cytogenetic characteristics of the malignant bone marrow cells influence the clinical course. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cytogenetics is useful to predict outcome and response in patients with del(5q) under azacitidine (AZA) ± lenalidomide (LEN) therapy. We therefore performed comprehensive cytogenetic analyses in MDS patients with del(5q)… →
This trial aimed to identify the effects of providing pharmacogenomic (PGx) results and recommendations for patients with chronic pain treated in primary care practices compared to standard care. An open-label, prospective, largely virtual, type-2 hybrid effectiveness trial randomized participants to PGx or standard care arms. Adults with pain ≥ 3 months who were treated with… →
As deep learning models continue to grow, the quantization of machine learning models becomes essential, and the need for effective compression techniques has become increasingly relevant. Low-bit quantization is a method that reduces model size while attempting to retain accuracy. Researchers have been determining the best bit-width for maximizing efficiency without compromising performance. Various studies… →
Time series forecasting presents a fundamental challenge due to its intrinsic non-determinism, making it difficult to predict future values accurately. Traditional methods generally employ point forecasting, providing a single deterministic value that cannot describe the range of possible values. Although recent deep learning methods have improved forecasting precision, they require task-specific training and do not… →
In this tutorial, we demonstrate how to efficiently fine-tune the Llama-2 7B Chat model for Python code generation using advanced techniques such as QLoRA, gradient checkpointing, and supervised fine-tuning with the SFTTrainer. Leveraging the Alpaca-14k dataset, we walk through setting up the environment, configuring LoRA parameters, and applying memory optimization strategies to train a model… →
Logical reasoning remains a crucial area where AI systems struggle despite advances in processing language and knowledge. Understanding logical reasoning in AI is essential for improving automated systems in areas like planning, decision-making, and problem-solving. Unlike common-sense reasoning, logical reasoning requires precise rule-based deductions, making it more challenging for LLMs to master. A major obstacle… →