The success of many reinforcement learning (RL) techniques relies on dense reward functions, but designing them can be difficult due to expertise requirements and trial and error. Sparse rewards, like binary task completion signals, are easier to obtain but pose challenges for RL algorithms, such as exploration. Consequently, the question emerges: Can dense reward functions… →
Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in text-rich scenarios is crucial, given their increasing versatility. However, current benchmarks mainly assess general visual comprehension, overlooking the nuanced challenges of text-rich content. MLLMs like GPT-4V, Gemini-Pro-Vision, and Claude-3-Opus showcase impressive capabilities but lack comprehensive evaluation in text-rich contexts. Understanding text within images requires interpreting textual and visual… →
Computer vision, machine learning, and data analysis across many fields have all seen a surge in the usage of synthetic data in the past few years. Synthetic means to mimic complicated situations that would be challenging, if not impossible, to record in the actual world. Information about individuals, such as patients, citizens, or customers, along… →
Language models based on the transformers are pivotal in advancing the field of AI. Traditionally, these models have been deployed to interpret and generate human language by predicting token sequences, a fundamental process in their operational framework. Given their broad application, from automated chatbots to complex decision-making systems, improving their efficiency and accuracy remains a… →
Helicobacter. 2024 Mar-Apr;29(2):e13077. doi: 10.1111/hel.13077. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A novel regimen with high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) has emerged, but its impact on the gut microbiota is not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of HDDT on the gut microbiota and compare it with that of bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT). METHODS: We enrolled outpatients… →
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2024 Apr 22;18:1313-1319. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S455844. eCollection 2024. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Alterations in altitude can lead to an augmented requirement for local anesthesia among patients. Nevertheless, the necessity for an elevated dosage of local anesthetic for parturients at moderately high altitudes during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section remains uninvestigated. This up-down sequential study… →
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Apr 1;25(4):1333-1338. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.4.1333. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to delve into the comparative clinical outcomes between external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and sequential High Dose Rate Intracavitary Brachytherapy (HDRICBT) with or without concurrent cisplatin administration on the day of intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) insertion in women with locally… →
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Apr 1;25(4):1315-1324. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.4.1315. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Tumor hypoxia induces the production of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1 alpha, which interacts with NF-kB, leading to cancer proliferation and metastasis. This study investigated the effect of tumor hypoxia modulation using carbogen (95% O2 and 5% CO2) and nicotinamide on reducing soluble interleukin-2 receptor… →