Transformer models have driven groundbreaking advancements in artificial intelligence, powering applications in natural language processing, computer vision, and speech recognition. These models excel at understanding and generating sequential data by leveraging mechanisms like multi-head attention to capture relationships within input sequences. The rise of large language models (LLMs) built upon transformers has amplified these capabilities,… →
Large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 and Llama-2 are powerful but require significant computational resources, making them impractical for smaller devices. Attention-based transformer models, in particular, have high memory demands and quadratic computational complexity, which limits their efficiency. State Space Models (SSMs), such as Mamba, offer an alternative with lower complexity, but their limited memory… →
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with high myopia astigmatism, SMILE required fewer corneal stromal tissues and thus better corneal biomechanics than FS-LASIK when correcting a similar spherical equivalent refraction. Moreover, SP-A1 may be a more sensitive indicator for evaluating corneal biomechanical changes after refractive surgeries. →
BACKGROUND: Adolescents exhibit a high prevalence of mental health disorders, with more than half of all cases emerging before the age of 14 years. Since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a marked upsurge in anxiety and depression among adolescents across several nations. Emotional disorders often lead to severe outcomes, including school… →
The limited success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the adjuvant setting for glioblastoma highlights the need to explore administering ICIs prior to immunosuppressive radiation. To address the feasibility and safety of this approach, we conducted a phase I study in patients with newly diagnosed Grade 3 and Grade 4 gliomas. Patients received nivolumab 300… →
Regular physical activity is associated with healthier brains and improved cognition among older adults. Yet, the impact of a short bout of exercise on older adults’ cognition still is not fully clarified. The present study explored the effects of 20 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (on a cycle ergometer) on cognition. Forty-eight healthy older adults… →
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder escalating worldwide, remains incurable with existing interventions merely mitigating symptoms. Hydralazine, an antihypertensive agent, has displayed neuroprotective potential in AD animal models via amplification of mitochondrial functionality and stimulation of stress management and repair pathways. Nevertheless, its effectiveness and tolerability in human AD cohorts are yet to be confirmed.… →
CONCLUSIONS: Both toothpastes showed good antimicrobial effect after 4 weeks; however, the toothpaste containing ZCT, HAP, KCit and fluoride was found to be more effective in reducing the salivary counts of S. mutans than the product containing fluoride alone. →
The field of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to evolve, with competition among large language models (LLMs) remaining intense. Despite recent advances pushing the boundaries of what these models can achieve, challenges persist. One of the main difficulties for existing LLMs, such as GPT-4, is finding the right balance between general-purpose reasoning, coding abilities, and visual… →
Vision models have evolved significantly over the years, with each innovation addressing the limitations of previous approaches. In the field of computer vision, researchers have often faced challenges in balancing complexity, generalizability, and scalability. Many current models struggle to effectively handle diverse visual tasks or adapt efficiently to new datasets. Traditionally, large-scale pre-trained vision encoders… →